• What type of kinetics applies for alcohol in the body? Also, explain the clinical significance there of.

It has fast absorption and distribution rate and it is highly lipophilic. The peak levels in a persons body can be evident in 30 minutes of fasting state. The volume of distribution of ethanol is equal to total body fluid which is 0.5-0.6 L/kg. The oral equivalent dose are higher in women compared to men. The metabolism process is that, alcohol is metabolised by liver (90%) and the rest is lung and urine. Adults metabolize 7-10g/h. 

• Give a brief summary of metabolic pathway of ethanol metabolism.

There are 2 systems:

1. Alcohol dehydrogenase: takes place in low to moderate amounts. Limited amount of NAD (co-enzyme) therefore zero-order kinetics (7-10g/h). 
2. MEOS ( Microsomal ethanol oxidation): take place at high concentrations (greater than 100mg/dL) . The activity of MEOS increases with chronic use, can be induced and is responsible for tolerance partially. Therefore, the end product is acetaldehyde.

• Which drugs can effect this metabolism and what are the effects thereof.

Drugs that can affect this metabolism: 

Disulfiram

Metronidazole

Hypoglycaemic drugs

Cephalosporins 

The effects are namely: inhibiting of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase which further leads to the accumulation of Acetaldehyde in the entire body which can cause nausea, dizziness, vomiting and headache.