Migraine Pathology:

Migraines are caused by the release of the peptide neurotransmitter that is related to the calcitonin gene (CGRP). This neurotransmitter causes vasodilation that activates the nerve endings in the brain and causes pain. 

Migraine treatment:

• Triptans are the first line of therapy for acute migraines. It prevents vasodilation and thus prevents the pain of the migraine. 
• Anti-inflammatory pain relievers can be a very useful treatment.
• Ergotamines causes vasoconstriction that can contradict the vasodilation of migraines.
• Beta blockers can also be effective in some patients to treat migraine prophylaxis.