in study unit 1 we learn about different developmental theories, music and how music education can help support holistic development.

we learn about Erikson's  theory of psychosocial development. the theory focuses on the influence of social interaction  and relationships on learning. the theory has four stages but the main focus is the fourth stage of industry vs inferiority that learners in foundation phase are at. at this stage learners develop pride in their achievements and abilities through social interaction and relationships. the confidence of the learners is  being determined by the people around them. they learn skills that help them gain more confidence and being able to solve problems around them.

Vygotsky and the zone of proximal development

the theory focus on socio- cultural factors influencing cognitive development. according to Vygotsky one to fully understand the learning needs of a child and their developmental stage one must put in consideration the influence of social environment in a personal level. the theorist believe that social environment has an effect on cognition through tools  and these tools are taught by adults .

the are different types of music holistic development and they are the following physical, cognitive, social, personal and emotional development that learners in foundation phase develop.