What does anterograde amnesia mean and what drugs can cause this effect?

Antegograde amnesia is the messy feeling and the inability to remember well during the middle is in your system. 
Benzodiazepines usually cause this effect (triassic >temasepam).
State the effects of sedative hypnotic agents on the normal sleep pattern and explain what is its importance to the patient.

State the effects of sedative hypnotic agents on the normal sleep pattern and explain what is its importance to the patient.

BDs reduce the time to fall asleep and increase total bedtime.
Phase 2 of NREM is increased.
High doses reduce REM sleep.
Duration of phase 4 NREM is reduced.
Zolpidem reduces REM sleep.
Tolerance regarding effects on sleep patterns after 1-2 weeks' use of hypnotics.

Which of the sedatief hypnotics is used as supplementary therapy in anesthesia? Can you explain why?

Barbiturates eg. Thiopental and Methohexital.
Diazepam, Lorazepam and Midazolam.
The drugs are very lipid soluble i.e. it penetrates the brain tissue very quickly when administered IV. It also has a short working duration, so patient quickly recovers from anaesthesia.
 

Which of the sedatief hypnotics are used as anticonvulsants?

High Doses of Barbiturates: Phenobarbital (Phenobarbittoon) and Metharbital
Certain BDs: Klonasepam, Klobasam, Diasepam and Lorasepam.
What is the mechanism of the muscle-relaxing effects of some of the carbamates and the BDs?

This inhibits polysynaptic reflexes. At high doses, transmission at the skeletal neuromuscular junction is suppressed, this leads to muscle relaxation.

Discuss the effects of the sedatief hypnotics on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems.

Respiratory: Suppression of the medullary respiratory centre is the cause of death if an overdose of sedatief hypnotics is taken.
Cardiovascular: Myocardial contractility is suppressed by the SSS in toxic doses.