The holistic development is the development of intellectual, mental, physical, emotional and social abilities in learners for them to be able to face challenges and demands of their everyday life: they engage in all aspects of learner’s mind, body and spirits.

 There are different types of areas in holistic development namely:

• Physical development
• Cognitive development
• Social development
• Personal development
• Emotional development

It consists of three theories namely: Piagets cognitive theory, Eriksons psychosocial developmental theory and Vygostkys theory.

Why is it important to have basic knowledge about the musical development of foundation phase learners?

• Learners exposed to music in their childhood are able to learn the sound and meaning of the words.
• Learners can improve their motor skills while participating self-expression by dancing to the music.
• It aids the coordination of the body and mind.