Theoretical Approaches to social problems (Structural functionalist orientation and Conflict orientation)

1. Structural functionalist orientation

With regards to structural functionalist orientation, it is believed that it views society as a system of interrelated parts in dynamic equilibrium. It states that if one part changes too fast, then the whole system gets disrupted. It states that in order to achieve social stability which is essential for a strong society, there has to be adequate socialization and social integration. With this approach it is believed that what happens to the left hand side will most certainly be complimentary to the right hand side. This approach states that besides their negative effects, social problems also play an important role in the society for example, as crime is a social problem it also serves a good cause because it creates employment of which in this case it creates the need for a defense force(police).

2. Conflict orientation

This approach defines the society as being characterized by pervasive in equality based on social class, Race, Gender or other factors. It focuses more on eliminating inequality in the society to combat social problems and build a stronger society. It states that social problems arise from fundamental faults in a structure of a society and both reflect inequality based on social class, race, gender or other dimensions and it outlines that for social problems to be solved, far-reached changes in the structure of the society must be involved.