1. Growth and structural change

The development of a country is determined through the different economic activity shifts, which are the primary, secondary, and tertiary sector. The primary sector deals with the extraction of raw materials, secondary sector deals with the processing of raw materials, while the tertiary sector provides better technology and improved labor productivity. Since South Africa is classified as a developing country, it means it deals with primary and also secondary sector products because we can extract and also manufacture our own raw materials.

2. Modernization

Modernization is about moving from the old traditional ways to the modern and advanced technological ways. Since we are in the 4th industrial revolution, most of the things are done technologically around the world. South Africa can be seen as modernized because in most industries we use machines to process products. 

3. Rural to urban migration 

In rural-urban migration we see people moving from the rural areas to urban areas for job opportunities or to get better education. The main reason for migrating from rural areas to urban areas is for improved life conditions, and this means better standard of living and it improves the economy of the country. In South Africa we see people moving from provinces such as Limpopo to Gauteng for job opportunities and also tertiary education, hence the population of Gauteng is very high because there are a lot of opportunities there.

4. Improvements in education and health 

A country's educational and health system plays a huge role in determining if ever the country is progressing or not. These two factors have been identified as measures of human capital development that ensure longer life and accelerate economic growth. Good education means that chances are high to get proper job and that leads to affordability of good health care.