Structural Functionalism Orientation

The functionalist goal is to examine social and cultural phenomena based on the performance of social and cultural phenomena. From this perspective, the fundamental explanation for the existence of social problems is that the social order is constantly changing, and social problems cannot be effectively adapted to changes. According to the functionalist point of view, every part of society is interconnected, joins the society, and plays a role in everyone. If all goes well, all aspects of society will produce care, balance and execution. In case of problems, different parts of society should be adjusted to restore another balance, harmony and performance. For example, during the financial recession and the ensuing high unemployment rate and inflation, the state’s expenditure on friendly projects has been reduced or cancelled, the teaching projects provided by schools have decreased, and household expenditures have decreased, leading to another kind of social demand, ruthlessness and profitability.

 Conflict Orientation Many people have personally experienced one or more social problems. For example, many people are poor and unemployed, many people are in poor health, many people have family problems, alcoholism or crime. When we hear these people, it is easy to think that their problems are only their own problems, and that they and others who have the same problems are the only people responsible for their difficulties. Sociology adopts a different approach because it emphasizes that personal problems are often rooted in the problems of society itself. This key idea reflects the classic difference between personal issues and public issues. Personal problems refer to problems that affect individuals. The affected individuals and other members of society often attribute the blame to the individual’s personal and moral deficiencies. Examples include different problems such as eating disorders, divorce and unemployment.