Development is progress, change and transformation of any area or country. Development includes social, economic and political transformation and it aims at producing growth, structural change and distributive equity as a result.

The four factors that constitute development are as follows:

1. Growth and structural change

-For an economy to grow it needs structural change. The economy's activity is divided into three sectors and each sector determines the income of that specific country, for instance in SA ,less developed areas mostly rural areas and places like Free state which comprise mostly of raw  materials fall under the primary sector (less developed areas). They produce less income than the secondary and tertiary sectors because they cannot afford or have limited opportunities for people to work in the secondary and tertiary sectors. So the primary does not contribute much to the growth of the economy due to its income.

-Areas that fall under the secondary sector produce medium amount of income. They specialise in using the raw materials and providing us manufactured products.

-Areas that fall under the tertiary sector produce large amounts of income because they in charge of the output of the economy

2. Modernisation.

- Most areas in South Africa like villages and some rural areas still rely on traditional ways of doing things, they not familiar with the use of technology and this is why areas like these do not develop. Technology makes everything easier and the economy grows quicker because technology generates money faster.

3. Demographic Transitions

-This refers to the improvement of sanitation and health resulting in lower death rates. South Africa has high death rates and the growth of the economy means lower death rates and birth rates as well. The health industries should contribute in the decrease of birth rates by making contraceptives available.