MMATHAPELO MOKADI

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MMATHAPELO MOKADI

BLOG #2

3 Mar 2021, 16:44 Publicly Viewable

What does anterograde amnesia mean and which drugs can cause this effect?

Being unable to remember events occurring during a drug's duration of action. benzodiazepines are the drug class that will cause this effect examples include flunitrazepam, lorazepam, alprazolam.

name the effects of sedative-hypnotic effects on the normal pattern and explain their significance to a patient.

the effects of sedative-hypnotic drugs on the normal sleeping pattern

the latency of the sleep onset is decreased 

the duration of stage 2, NREM (non-rapid eye movement) is increased

the duration of REM (rapid eye movement) sleep is decreased

the duration of the 4NREM slow wave is decreased

The deliberate interruption of the REM will cause anxiety and irritability to the patient.

Which of the sedative-hypnotic drugs are used as supplementary to therapy in anaesthesia? and can you explain why?

Benzodiazepines such as diazepam, lorazepam and midazolam are used supplementary as benzodiazepines given in high doses may contribute to persistent postanesthetic respiratory depression.

which of the sedative-hypnotics are used anticonvulsants?

benzodiazepines examples are nitrazepam, lorazepam, and diazepam as well as barbiturates(phenobarbital and metharbital)

what is the mechanism of the muscle-relaxing effects of carbamates and the BDs?

these two drug classes exert effects by exerting inhibitory effects on polysynaptic reflexes and internuncial transmission and at high doses may depress the skeletal neuromuscular junction

discuss the effects of the sedative-hypnotic drugs on the respiratory and the cardiovascular systems

in healthy patients at hypnotic doses effects of sedative hypnotics are comparable to changes during the natural sleep however in patients with pulmonary diseases may cause the respiratory depression.

may cause cardiovascular depression in patients present with heart failure and other diseases that impair the cardiovascular system