What does anterogade amnesia mean and which drugs cause this effect?

Anterogade amnesia refers to the inability to learn new information or when a person finds it difficult to remember past events. 

Alprazolam is an example of a drug that can cause anterogade amnesia

Name the effects of sedative-hypnotic drugs on normal sleep patterns and explain the significance to the patient.

Reduces the time it takes to fall asleep

Increase in the duration and quality of the sleep (longer hours of sleep)

Sedative-hypnotics can help patients who suffer from insomnia or have difficulty sleeping, and it also improves the quality of the sleep by decreasing the REM (rapid eye movement) sleep. 

Which of the sedative-hypnotics are used as supplementary therapy in anesthesia and why?

Midazolam, Diazepam or Thiopental

High doses thereof can lead to a loss of consciousness, followed by amnesia and suppression of the reflexes. 

Which of the sedative-hypnotics are used as anti-convulsant?

Clonazepam, Nitrazepam, Lorazepam, Diazepam and Phenobarbital

What is the mechanism of the muscle-relaxing effects of carbamates and benzodiazepines?

Possess inhibitory effects on polysynaptic reflexes and can depress transmission at the skeletal neuromuscular junction if administered at high doses

Discuss the effects of the sedative-hypnotic drugs in the respiratory and cardiovascular system

Sedative-hypnotics can cause respiratory depression (medullary respiratory center) in patients who suffer from pulmonary diseases. The effects depend on the dose.

Sedative-hypnotics in hypovolemic patients may cause cardiovascular depression, even if administered in normal doses, due to action of the medullary vasomotor centers.