Four Factors that constitute development are:

1. Growth and structural change – Growth as well as structural change are needed for growth. Non-manufacturing practices are commonly practiced by a vast number of citizens in developed countries. The primary industry, such as fisheries, forestry, farming, and mining, contributes a significant portion of their GDP. The secondary sector archives the GNP of countries with a medium national income, while the tertiary sector archives the income of highly developed countries with a high income. South Africa's economy is mixed, meaning it is reliant on both primary and secondary industries such as farming, mining, construction, tourism, and banking.

2.Modernization – refers to a gradual transformation from a pre-industrial or conventional culture to a modern society. Traditional countries, according to modernization theory, should be taken to prosperity in the same way as more developed countries have been. We have wireless technology, electric vehicles, and decent roads in South Africa, and some neighboring countries depend on us for energy and coal.

3.Improvements in Education and Health – Development entails meeting human needs, especially those related to education and health. Education and health play an important role in a country's growth, since they are essential for human capital production, accumulation, and development. South Africa, according to Peter Nelson, has created a modern educational infrastructure. It spends more on education as a percentage of GDP than any other African nation, pays tuition fees to needy students (NSFAS), and requires all children to attend primary and secondary school.

4.Demographic transitions – Improvements in hygiene and sanitation contribute to lower mortality rates as a result of growth. South Africa is in stage 3 of the population transformation model, which means that as a result of improving economic conditions and access to contraceptives, mortality and birth rates have declined