1. My understanding of Vygosky's ZPD is that the learners has the potential to master new skills or solve problems successfully with the help of the teacher or peer scaffolding. learners are capable to think on their own and face challenges with the help of their teachers and other learner's scaffolding. 

2. Vygosky emphasizes the important of reciprocal teaching, these teaching strategies are interactions between teachers and learners , which learners will be empowered to be responsible for their own learning. Erickson's developmental theory for the stages of psychological development focuses on the influence of social interactions and relationship on learning. Erickson says meaningful relationships are crucial, if our learners are to feel safe, valued, supported and cared for in he classroom he say learners are at the fourth stage of industry vs inferiority. Piaget's cognitive development theory focuses on the notion that children learn by interacting with the world and they build new knowledge based on prior knowledge.

3.I have realised that there is more to teaching in the foundation phase than just teaching learners how to read and write. there is a lot of underlining issues and children in the foundation phase need more attention and guidance than we think. there are developments that need to be taught and learners need to go through different stages to grow into great learners. The most important aspects of holistic development in the foundation phase are the following: 

• physical development
• cognitive development
• social development
• personal development
• emotional development

4. Music promotes interpersonal growth, personal and brain growth and creativity of learners. It is important to have basic knowledge about the musical development of foundation phase learners because music improve vocabulary, reading skills, language development ,  learn rhythm, music helps with  body awareness, music can also help with confidence.

5. Three types of music activities that could support and promote each developmental area are:

• musical stories
• playing instruments
• song composition

6. The way the theorists implicate knowledge about learning theories is very useful and it helps when coming to teaching and planning activities because you know what to target and what you can do to help your learners reach their full potential.