1. What does anterograde amnesia mean, and which drugs can cause this effect?

Inability to remember events occurring during the drug's duration of action. Drugs that exert this effect are the BD's.

2. Name the effects of sedative-hypnotic drugs on the normal sleep pattern and explain their significance to the patient.

Decreases the time it takes to fall asleep. This is beneficial for patients who struggle to fall asleep.

Increases the amount of hours you sleep. This help patients who usually can't sleep more than 6 hours sleep longer.

Changes in sleep structure. Increases or decreases a certain sleep stage or more.

3. Which of the sedative-hypnotic drugs are used as a supplementary therapy in anaesthesia. Explain why.

Midazolam, Diazepam, Lorazepam. These are sedative drugs and aids in keeping the patient sedative while the operation occurs.

4. Which sedative-hypnotic drugs are used as anticonvulsants?

clonazepam, diazepam, lorazepam, clobazam, phenobarbitone, nitrozepam 

5. What is the mechanism of the muscle-relaxing effects of some of the carbamates and the BS's?

Inhibition of polysynaptic reflexes and internuncial transmission leading to the depression of the skeletal neuromuscular junction.

6. Discuss the effects of sedative-hypnotic drugs on the respiratory and cardiovascular system.

Respiratory system: leads to respiratory depression in pulmonary diseases. Also effects on respiration are dose related and overdose could lead complete depression on the medullary respiratory center which can be fatal.

Cardiovascular system: leads to cardiovascular depression in cardiovascular diseases with high doses

References: Bertram G. Katzung 2018, B Basic & Clinical Pharmacolog, Lange, McGraw hill, University of California, San Fransico.