Another form of the humanist paradigms or alternative theories to development is known as the participatory development. this approach allow the society to build their own capacity and self-reliance, it also permits grassroots (or basic) people to become partners in the development. Participation is used as a tool to collaborate and issue out information between the members of the community and all the stakeholders that are involved. In participatory organization it is explained that community groups themselves initiate and take part in the developmental effort, for example, community co-operative, even though these groups are facing too much red- tape. an example from the S.A context is as follows: in many townships locations there are community members  that decide to form an initiative to volunteer or co-operate in the community for patrolling and being on the lookout for the criminals that try to do burglary or any sorts of crime in the community. this initiative group is known as the CPFs and they work under the police (SAPS)  so this means that they are facing a lot of red-tape because even if they see someone who is committing any kind of crime they are not allowed to arrest that person or take the law into their hands since they do not have the authority to do so, however they can take the perpetrator and hand him/ her to the police. so this means that the community co-operatives need to adhere to the official rules and officials.