The classical environmental theories and their usefulness in the SA context

According to Huntington, he set out to prove that the rise and fall of entire civilizations follows a shift of the climate zones in historical periods. He linked climate and productivity, with implications for nations over time and attempted to get established a series of correlative between climate and interpersonal factors and external factors. Buckle's premise was that the environment is a critical factor for nations to flourish. He realized that with  warm climate, an abundance of cheap food, populations grew, flourished, leading to overcrowding, impoverishment and whole social disparities.

Hebert Spencer applied Darwinist principles to the human social context. He noticed a competition of life whereby humans struggle with other species for survival in the natural universe and also with each other in a social universe. Mead, Cooley found that sociology had fundamentally shifted psychology replacing physics, nature and climate. According to Durkheim society constituted a social organism, which must constantly adapt to the outside social and physical environment.

The environment and society are linked reciprocally. They provide insights relevant to current environmental phenomena, concepts and ideas useful in theorising about 21st century problems, they are extracted from classical canon, some paradigms conceptualized in typologies using the classical canon.

The application of these theories in the SA context: the problems found are of provision of clean water, provision of water sustainable and the provision of water as agreed