Which blood vessel changes can be observed before and during a migraine? When chemicals are released, they travel to the outer layers of the brain, called the meninges, causing inflammation and swelling of blood vessels and increasing blood flow to the brain. This can be the result of the throbbing, throbbing pain that most people experience during a migraine. What role does serotonin play in migraine? Serotonin is a chemical substance required for communication between nerve cells. Blood vessels throughout the body may narrow. Changes in serotonin or estrogen levels can result in migraine headaches. Serotonin levels can affect both sexes, but fluctuating estrogen levels affect only women. How is ergotamine used in migraine attacks? Take ergotamine as soon as the symptoms of migraine begin. Place the tablet under your tongue and let it melt. Take 1 tablet every 30 minutes as needed. Do not use more than 3 tablets within 24 hours. What are the side effects of taking ergotamine? What are the contraindications to the use of ergotamine? The side effects are: Overdose can cause vomiting, confusion, drowsiness, weakness in the wrists of the legs and arms, numbness and tingling and pain in the hands and feet, scratches on the fingers and toes, fainting, and seizures. Contraindications: High blood pressure, coronary artery disease, cerebral ischemia, lack of blood supply to the brain, Reynaud phenomenon, diseases in which blood vessels contract too much during cold or tension, peripheral vascular disease, thrombotic venitis, veins due to inflammatory clots What other medications can be used for acute ischemic attacks? What are the effects of all these drugs? Currently, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and triptans (serotonin 5HT1B / 1D receptor agonists) are recommended for the acute treatment of migraine attacks. Metoclopramide or domperidone can help with NSAIDs and triptans. Subcutaneous sumatriptan is the first choice for very severe attacks Migraine is a common neuropathy with severe socio-economic burden. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduce the synthesis of prostaglandins involved in the pathophysiology of migraine by blocking cyclooxygenase. Triptans are selective 5HT1 receptor agonists shown in severe migraine attacks. These drugs work primarily by constricting the cranial blood vessels. However, vasoconstriction outside the central nervous system is also possible. Divalproex (Depakote), sodium valproate, and topiramate (Topamax)