DIAN DE JONGH

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DIAN DE JONGH

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28 Mar 2021, 19:24 Publicly Viewable

Compile a table, listing the major effects on every system (cardiovascular, CNS, renal, hepatic and uterus) for all the inhalation anaesthetics. This table is important when it comes to the selection of drugs in certain individuals.

HALOTHANE

 

CNS

  • Fast smooth induction, stadiumII absent
  • Increases cerebral blood flow and intracranial pressure

Autonomic

  • Bradycardia

CVS

  • Decreased Blood pressure
  • sensitised myocardium for arythmogenic effects of catecholamines

Respiratory

  • No saliva, bronchial secretions or cough

Musculo-skeletal 

  • Skeletal muscle relaxing effects stadium III
  • Increases action non-depolarisation
  • Decreased action depolarisation
  • Post-operative shaking - Hypoxia

Uterus

  • Decreased muscle contractions
  • External twisting of baby

Liver

  • Hepatotoxic (rare, unpredictable)

ENFLURANE

 

CNS

  • Fast, smooth induction convulsions

CVS

  • No sensitisation of the myocardium
  • Les suppression than Halothane

Respiratory

  • More decrease than halothane

ISOFLURANE

 

CNS

  • Faster induction and recovery than halothane

CVS

  • Less suppression than halothane and enflurane
  • No sensitisation of myocardium

Respiratory

  • Potent decreasing effect
  • Strengthens because of potent skeletal muscle relaxing effect

DESFLURANE

 

CNS

  • Even faster induction and recovery than isoflurane
  • Increased cerebral blood flow and intracranial pressure

CVS

  • Less suppression than halothane and enflurane

Respiratory

  • Strong smell
  • Irritate airways
  • If used as induction drug it leads to cough
  • Shortness of breath 
  • Laryngospasm

SEVOFLURANE

 

Musculo-skeletal

  • Potentiate the effects of the non-depolarising muscle relaxants like the other halogenated ethers

NITROUS OXIDE

 

CNS

  • Weak anesthetic
  • Potent analgesic
  • Amnesia

CVS

  • No effect

Respiratory

  • Pure nitrous oxide causes hypoxia
  • Always ix with oxygen or air.
  • Recovery phase: fast diffusion from blood to alveoli

Musculo-skeletal

  • No skeletal muscle relaxation

Noem die belangrikste toksiese effekte van die inhalasiemiddels.

Nefrotoksisiteit

Hematotoksisiteit – Die geneesmiddels kan CO vervaardig, wat dus die suurstof in die weefsel verminder.

Hepatotoksisiteit – Kan gebeur as gevolg van Halotaan.

Tetratogenisiteit – Kan gebeur as gevolg van Halotaan, Enfluraan, Isofluraan, Desfluraan en Sevofluraan

Halotaan: hepatotoksies, intrakraniale druk verhoging

Enfluraan: Kan konvulsies veroorsaak. Oorwegend onderdrukking op alle sisteme

Isofluraan: Potente onderdukkende respiratoriese effek

Desfluraan: Irriterende effek op lugweg, verhoogde intrakraniale druk

Sevofluraan: Chemies onstabiel 

N2O: hipoksie indien suiwer N2O ingeasem word.