C OLIVIER
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Blog #8

17 Mar 2021, 15:44 Publicly Viewable

 

Compile a table, listing the major effects on every system (cardiovascular, CNS, renal, hepatic and uterus) for all the inhalation anaesthetics. This table is important when it comes to the selection of drugs in certain individuals.

HALOTHANE  
CNS
  • Fast smooth induction, stadiumII absent
  • Increases cerebral blood flow and intracranial pressure
Autonomic
  • Bradycardia
CVS
  • Decreased Blood pressure
  • sensitised myocardium for arythmogenic effects of catecholamines
Respiratory
  • No saliva, bronchial secretions or cough
Musculo-skeletal 
  • Skeletal muscle relaxing effects stadium III
  • Increases action non-depolarisation
  • Decreased action depolarisation
  • Post-operative shaking - Hypoxia
Uterus
  • Decreased muscle contractions
  • External twisting of baby
Liver
  • Hepatotoxic (rare, unpredictable)
ENFLURANE  
CNS
  • Fast, smooth induction convulsions
CVS
  • No sensitisation of the myocardium
  • Les suppression than Halothane
Respiratory
  • More decrease than halothane
ISOFLURANE  
CNS
  • Faster induction and recovery than halothane
CVS
  • Less suppression than halothane and enflurane
  • No sensitisation of myocardium
Respiratory
  • Potent decreasing effect
  • Strengthens because of potent skeletal muscle relaxing effect
DESFLURANE  
CNS
  • Even faster induction and recovery than isoflurane
  • Increased cerebral blood flow and intracranial pressure
CVS
  • Less suppression than halothane and enflurane
Respiratory
  • Strong smell
  • Irritate airways
  • If used as induction drug it leads to cough
  • Shortness of breath 
  • Laryngospasm
SEVOFLURANE  
Musculo-skeletal
  • Potentiate the effects of the non-depolarising muscle relaxants like the other halogenated ethers
NITROUS OXIDE  
CNS
  • Weak anesthetic
  • Potent analgesic
  • Amnesia
CVS
  • No effect
Respiratory
  • Pure nitrous oxide causes hypoxia
  • Always ix with oxygen or air.
  • Recovery phase: fast diffusion from blood to alveoli
Musculo-skeletal
  • No skeletal muscle relaxation

 

Name the major acute toxic effects of the inhalation drugs.

  • Hepatotoxicity - Halothane
  • Hypoxia
  • Nephrotoxicity
  • Malignant hypothermia