In unit 2 Orientalists structure and restructures 

Orientalism it refers to the study and interpretation of middle Eastern , Asian ,, and African cultures by Western scholars , often involving a Eurocentric perspective , potentially leading to stereotypes and biases .Orientalist perspectives , influenced by colonialism and imperialism , often depict  non Western cultures as exotic , primitive , and inferior , justifying colonial rule and perpetuating harmful stereotype and power dynamics . Orientalists representations to continue to shape our understanding of non Western cultures , influencing media and academic discourse , contributing to a Eurocentric worldview that marginalizes and distorts diverse experiences.

To challenges and critique these structures its crucial to acknowledge and question our biases , seek diverse perspectives , engage with decolonial theories and support marginalized voices .promoting cultural exchange and dialogue can help break down stereotype , foster mutual understanding and dismantle harmful Orientalist perspectives , promoting a more inclusive and equitable society .

Orientalism , a corporate institution , evolved from a religious basis in the 18th century to a secular one in the 19th and 20th centuries due to expansion , increased understanding of oriental history and the classification of nature and humans into types . said argues that understanding Orientalism 's secularization and subsequent  imperialism and colonialism requires examining its historical context , as it provides a deeper understanding of the Orient 's mental state .