Activity 12                                                      10 June 2021

1.According to Kohler (2016)South Africa is the 30th driest country in the world. Because we don't receive a lot of rain, when it rains the soil evaporates the water and it re-enter the atmospheric phase almost instantly  a challenge that South Africa face is that only 20% of SA ground water can be used which limits the water availability even further. The need of water intensifies each year with more people demanding more water.

According to Sarkodie and Adams(2020) many  South African Citizens can't afford electricity and are not easily accessible to a lot of people.

2.According to Calma(2011)social justice basically means to find a balance between our responsibilities as a society and our responsibilities as individuals to contribute to a society.

3.According to Rathzel 2018 environmental social justice means that it is a type of justice for people who has been "left out" during environmental problems. For example in SA all the mines pollute the air, so the environmental justice is there to help those who suffers under the environmental conditions.

4.The wedland project helps to pure the water, provide water and manage the water flow in poverty effective areas. This Project also helped to provide opportunities to at least 200 0 people who suffers under poverty. Making their lives more easier.

5.The sate of the environment in South Africa is very bad sadly it is getting worse. Almost all of our resources such as a coal for electricity and water resources are finished. So we are forced to use other more expensive ways to provide electricity and water to people. This is not convenient, because a lot of people in South Africa are poor and cannot afford to make change.

Activity 11                                                      03 June 2021

1.Non-state actors

Economic

Local viewers 

The Conservation 

2.The Conservation;

The Motivation it justifies the approach by creating alarm an panic about the state of the environment.

The Object is that nature does not need human interference, it restores itself. Nature only requires human to maintain it.

The economic view;

The objective is that the environment is seen as commodity that is primarily there for selling-buying. The view is seen as an economic asset.

The motivation is that nature is an untapped resource that should be exploited to lift people out of poverty so  a profit as well as development motive.

The non-state actor view;

Objective is that the view originate from external interest parties outside of local community.

Motivation for the approach is a belief in the value of the environment that should be protected and respected.

The local community view;

This view is complex and highly differentiated, because it is informed by time, place, individual characteristics and circumstances as well as local power politics.

The motivation for the approach is influenced by nature of the relationship with the environment as shaped by the socio political context.

3.Yes they do. All of them they help us to understand more of our South African nature and how it will contribute to the nature "well-being". It also help us understand what we as humans do that harms our country's nature

4.Sustainable development. This discourse works along other countries to advance the theory and practice of ecosystem accounting called the natural capital Accounting and evaluation of ecosystem service project. This discourse shows how and where people most depend on and impact nature.

Social justice envy discourses in SA  shows us problems in our communities such as poverty , poor quality education and unemployment and also how we contribute to these problems. Power relation political  undertones, radicalism form the basis for fight for environmental justice in South Africa.

5.By using the ecosystem accounting it will help to provide us with a systematic way to measure, track and report on stock and flows of natural capital. It will  help the South African policies to know what problems the should fix. 

Activity 10                                                                                                   21May 2021

According to Buckle the environment is a fundamental factor for nation to flourish, for example the only reason for the Eastern nations to flourish is because of hot climate. The Northern nations were innovative and industrious to survive the cold, producing large quantity of food. But by modern times the Southern nations stagnated so in South Africa we have different climates in different parts of our country for example in the Free state the warm weather is great for producing food and they also get enough rain to produce food. In Karoo the weather is extremely hot, they struggle with producing food and they also have less rain each year which makes farming harder to  be practiced. Human societies are being exempt from the ecological principles and constraints that govern other species. Because of the pro-development paradigm, environmental degradation and crisis takes places. Human being are known for overpopulating and for all around the world. For example in South Africa we have lot of factories so that contributes to the air pollution that affects our ozone layer.

So all environmental problems within society are resilience, because although people need to change their behavior and accept the challenges they faced in SA. South Africa service delivery is almost non-existent, so our government will not be able to help other people who suffered for example our government can't help those people who live in deep rural areas who have no water at all.

Activity 9                                                                 21May  2021

Environmental Problems

Environmental problems are the cause of society problems but most cases humans are the cause of environmental problems. Environmental problem examples are water pollution, air pollution, land degradation, solid waste pollution, and deforestation some environmental problem are climate change and defrosting of ice at North pool for example in South Africa most places in winter they experience veld fires which also contributes to the air pollution. But sadly if our air pollution gets worse now, our ozone layer will disintegrate and we will suffer from the sun everything will be burned for example we as human being we don't look after our planet, we are neglecting nature and in return nature ruins us through natural disaster.

 

Activity 7                                                                             28 April 2021 

Women in Developmental approach 

It is the integration of women into the global economies by improving their status and assisting in total development. It is meant to give special attention to the women's role, while extending development assistance.

The Woman and Development

It is useful framework to develop an understanding of the relationship women have had with society as a whole, and how that interaction has played out since the early 1970s when the term came into prominence.

Activity 6                                                        24 April 2021

Modernization

Refers to a model of progressive transition from a pre-modern or traditional to a modern society.

The transformation from a traditional, rural, agrarian society to a secular urban industrial society.

Modernization is the process of updating something or making it work in a contemporary setting.

Dependency theory is the notion that resources flow from a "periphery" of poor and underdeveloped state to a core of wealthy states, enriching the latter at the expense of the former.

Activity 4                            25March 2021

Definition of poverty

South Africa defines poverty with three categories,the food poverty line,the lower bound line and upper bound poverty line.About 20% of the population lives below the food poverty line,meaning they cannot afford food that meets minimum caloric intake.Poverty is about not having enough money to meet basic needs which include food,clothing and shelter

Activity 3                                                                               17Mach 2021

What are the benefits of poverty for the individual and community?

Poverty is associated with negative conditions such as unemployed, starvation and homeless.It is a state of being poor.The effects of poverty can affect you even on your adulthood.Poverty can cause chronic illness and lack of work.

Poverty can also have benefits to the affected and those who are not affected.Most poor people can develop skills of making food in order for them to survive.Those who are not affected by poverty they live soft life.Many poor people work towards recycling plastics container and glass bottles,that benefit the community because it remains clean.

Activity                                                                                                                  April 2021

Participatory development approach

Participatory development is an important approach for people oriented development  that emphasizes raising the quality of participation in local societies as a step toward the realization of self reliant sustainable development and social justice. Participatory Development aimed at self-reliant sustainable development and social justice. Participatory Development is an important approach for people-oriented development that emphasizes raising the quality of participatory in local society as a step toward the realization of self-reliant sustainable development and social justice. For example Unesco's finding a voice project employee ICT for development initiative local content creation and distribution

Activity 2                     March 2021

 

1.Modernisation-Is the process of improving things to be closer to the current state of art. It involves catching up to progress that has occurred in areas such as efficiency, productivity, quality of life and risk reduction. For example in South Africa they introduced devices that are more efficient, faster, lower risk, and better at achieving your goals like 5gb network and in 2010 Faster train  was introduced called Gautrain

2.Political Transformation-Political growth must accompany economic and socio growth. This refer to development Democracy for example in South Africa after 1994 lot of political parties were introduced to be voted to rule the country and that created many opportunities for the disadvantaged group.

3.Rural to urban Migration-Is the movement of people from countryside to city areas. However in many LEDCs cities are experiencing massive rural to urban migration in the aim of finding jobs.

4.Improvement in education and health-Due to the changes in the economic structure the is increase and progress towards education and health infrastructure, education is fundamental to developmental growth. Currently South Africa is experiencing crisis of pandemic which made things more difficult for education system and also on health facilities. But the is improvement because they introduced new devices that are suitable for online learning also in health facilities the are improvements to like new machines of treating patients.