B MOEMA 48443395

The Southern African ethnic group known as the Tsonga has a rich cultural history that is ingrained in customs and beliefs. The following endogenous values comprise their/our worldview:

- Honouring one's ancestors, who provide a conduit to the spiritual world and promote values of elder care, community, and family.
- Ubuntu, a theory that promotes a feeling of humanity towards others and is based on empathy, compassion, and connectivity.
- A strong bond with nature that fosters environmental balance and peace.
- Oral tradition and storytelling, which transmits cultural values, history, and lessons from generation to generation.
The Southern African ethnic group known as the Tsonga has a rich cultural history that is ingrained in customs and beliefs. The following endogenous values comprise their worldview:

- Honouring one's ancestors, who provide a conduit to the spiritual world and promote values of elder care, community, and family.
- Ubuntu, a theory that promotes a feeling of humanity towards others and is based on empathy, compassion, and connectivity.
- A strong bond with nature that fosters environmental balance and peace.
- Oral tradition and storytelling, which transmits cultural values, history, and lessons from generation to generation.
- A community-centric strategy that puts the good of the group and teamwork ahead of individualism.
- Mysticism and spirituality, accepting the existence of spirits and the mystical in ordinary life.

deep reverence for elders, customs, and cultural legacy, upholding the history and ideals of the community.

The Tsonga worldview, which emphasises community, respect, and harmony with the natural world and the spiritual realm, has been shaped by these ideas. They still have an impact on social conventions, cultural customs, and day-to-day living, which shapes the identity and values of the Tulonga people.

B MOEMA 48443395

Social anthropology in South Africa relies heavily on kinship and exchange networks, especially when attempting to comprehend reciprocity within communities. The mutual exchange and interdependence of resources, services, and responsibilities between people and groups is referred to as reciprocity. Reciprocity is fundamental to cultural norms and practices in many South African civilizations, influencing social interactions, business dealings, and political dynamics.

Exchange Systems: In South African communities, reciprocity is demonstrated in a number of transaction forms. This covers the trade of products, labour, services, and symbolic objects. In kinship networks, reciprocal exchanges frequently occur when people lend a hand and offer resources to family members in need in exchange for comparable support.

I'm linking these with my social networking in a negative reciprocity, including my family, friends, students and lectures. At home we are four and we all depend on my mom because she's more like a hero to us and the funny part is that my dad is also depending on my mom, for an example when there's something that's bothering us in the house, like if we see an unusual, weird lizard. In my language we call it "chitadingaka". We will call her to kill it, and this means that my mom is receiving negative reciprocity in return because we all not going to help her with anything but she's the one who's doing all the work in the house.

In addition, lecturers are always giving information to students during the lesson and in most cases students doesn't reciprocate the same energy to the lectures and this leads to negative reciprocity to the lecture, and it makes the lecture not to enjoy the lessons that he/she is supposed to attend. 

In South African societies, reciprocity is also associated with social standing and reputation. Within their familial networks, those who are seen as giving and eager to improve the lives of others may be accorded respect and elevated in social status. On the other hand, people who don't reciprocate or carry out their responsibilities risk social consequences or status loss.

Changing Adaptation to Socioeconomic Contexts Even though ancient reciprocity practices still influence social interactions in many South African communities, they may also change to accommodate shifting socioeconomic circumstances. Reciprocity practices may evolve as a result of factors including urbanisation, globalisation, and market integration affecting the dynamics of kinship and exchange.

The historical, cultural, and social elements that influence kinship and exchange networks in South Africa must be carefully taken into account in order to fully comprehend these interactions. Reciprocity emphasises the interdependence of people within familial networks and is a basic principle that underpins social organisation, economic transactions, and community solidarity.

B MOEMA 48443395

Today when I woke up my body was really in a severe pain , I didn't feel attending any of the classes .It was of those days whereby as a person  you don't feel like doing anything all u need is just lay on your bed for the rest of the day , so I decided to sleep. Mind you it was around 08:20 my class was at 09:30 , my room mate didn't let me carry on with my sleep she woke me up forcefully and promised to wait for me . 

She didn't mind to get late in order for me to get ready (I really have a loving room mate). The funny part is that we stay a far from the campus but its a walkable distance and we were attending at N building , we took almost 40 minutes to reach the lectures hall and we were 15 minutes late (What an embarrassment). 

My first class was boring since well I arrived late and my second class was the worst . I went home and something to eat and I literally dozed off without even noticing ,I slept probably for 2hours and when I woke up I took a cold shower then went to the library to catch up with today's work .

In a nutshell , I went home after home around 20:30 P.M and got home at 9:00 P.M , I then decided to take a quick shower after I was done I slept since well I wasn't in the mood to eat .

B Moema 48443395

The concept "othering" means how people see us and how they actually treat us according to our race , skin tone , gender inequality and etc . These relates to the concept of stereotypes.

Most societies believe that young girls especially who have reached 16 years old and above are now old to get married for their well being . These young girls are denied to get a chance to go to school and enjoy their teenage years , to learn about how life can be toxic to them at a very young age .Young girls are forced to get married to old man's so that they can provide for their families and it is believed that a girl nor woman is not supposed to go to school n study in order for them to be independent .

These societies divide the roles of the two genders which are man and woman . Man are the only ones who have the right to go to school , get that degree , work and their word is final whereas a woman has no right to go to school  , get that degree , get a job due to it is believed that woman should respect their  husband's by not working ,they should do the house chores and they should bear kids as much as they can and they do not have a word against man , a man's word is final .

I say that ,  the rules which the societies have implemented they should be removed from the society , everyone should have fully equal rights , both genders should have the right to go to school , be independent  , should have the right to say no to something that he/she doesn't want to do  , everyone must have a final word it shouldn't be one sided .