In these module  i learned alot and those things will help me when i do my practicals or when i qualify to be a teacher. Firstly i learned the importance of including music and art im the lesson or classroom and how to plan a lesson or do a lesson plan.When we include music or art in the lesson,learners will enjoy lessons while learning  and having fun and that will help learners to concentrate,gain confidence etc  and it will also do a huge difference on learners learning. Secondly i learned  about the different elements of music and how to use them.And lastly i learned that i can use music as  brain break,classroom management tool and also how to use music  a transition between the activities. 

What was the challenges for me?

-incorporating music and art in the lesson was difficult for me because i did not know which songs are appropriate  for grade 2 and 3.I think the lecture should give us few examples of which songs are appropriate for certain grades especially grade 2 and 3's.

Did you find the individual reflection worthwhile?

Yes, because the reflection will help me to see where i lack and need to improve/pay more attention . 

The value of utilising arts integration in foundation phase learners.

Arts integration is a way of teaching were by the outcomes of not only music are reached, but also the outcomes of other subject are reached at the same time. Learners are being taught of the artistic things, it could be music to understand another subject easily. It also becomes easy for learners to get to understand different subjects when they are integrated with arts because they learn in practical way before they can do the theory and symbols of the subjects.( Brezovnik 2015). The value of arts integration is vital within the foundation phase stream because it’simperative part of a well-rounded education. Intensified exposure to the arts goes a long way to help discover the schools performing, visual and musical arts programs academics. Schools that had integrated arts in their education offering approach, does not only had boosted academic achievement but has went on also to promoting self[1]confidence, creativity and school pride. Arts integration education offering it helps to also readdress socio-economic imbalances. Learners should also be actively engaged in the teaching and learning process through arts integration and play, as this allows them to have fun while participating in authentic, meaningful teaching and learning activities in social settings and demonstrating their understanding practically through the arts. Teaching and learning practices that address outcomes in many areas simultaneously while enabling learners to demonstrate their grasp of concepts and abilities through the arts are referred to as arts integration.Music education provides unique opportunity for addressing educational goals that are inclusive.By engaging with music, employing various sorts of movements, singing in various languages, playing different games, and integrating varied patterns during rhythmic and body percussion exercises, we can fulfill these specific requirements of our learners, allowing all learners to succeed.

What are the most important aspect to keep in mind when planning a foundation phase lessons?

- When you start a lesson you must start it with music so that leaners will be active and will not lose focus.

-Make connections between content and real-life situations as well as current social topics.

-Any music played in class must contribute to the achievement of the lesson's objectives.

-Accommodate a variety of learners' learning styles, talents, and interests.

-Facilitate an activity and ask open-ended questions when explaining something.

-Based on the lesson, developmental stage, and learning process, assessments must be most suited for certain activities.

Has your perception and priorities with regards to lesson planning and the inclusion of music (and the arts) throughout your teaching and learning in the foundation phase changed? Please motivate your answer.

Yes, incorporating music and the arts into the class has a significant impact on students.It enables students to use art to demonstrate their comprehension of the subject.Incorporating music and art into the foundation phase encourages students to participate actively in the lesson and aids in the development of social and creative thinking skills.Learners' eagerness to learn is also increased when music is included.It also allows students to have fun while learning.

Characteristics of well planned lesson plan

1. Introductory phase

2. Teaching and learning

3. Conclusions

Play is vital in the foundation phase and has conducive relationship with development and learning. Questions which can be posed in relation to understand value of play includes like what process unfolding inside the child’s mind? And what impact play has on the child? In broad level, playing is developing well the holistic development of the learners, which incorporate the 3 domains of development comprises of affective, cognitive and psycho-motor. Secondly, play complements children’s discipline-based learning, in the process strengthening the depth to envisaged actual and possible learning outcomes of the curriculum play content. Children inside the classroom are very different. They all have different skills, strength and even weaknesses as they do not come from the same back rounds. It is very crucial for a teacher to create games in the classroom for the learners to play as it enhances the ability of interaction, communication and group work. Playing also helps learners to have thinking abilities because they have to think on how to win or get the correct answers to the game given. When the learners have developed all these skills, their self-esteem is promoted; they will not lack self- esteem. In most cases, learners enjoy learning by themselves and not being told what to do, therefore when playing; they learn by themselves, they become curious of what is needed or done and find way to do what should be done correctly.( UNICEF 2018). Teaching and learning through play is regarded as the fundamental method in the foundation phase. According to the Child Development Institute, the larger part of brain development occurs after birth, in other words physical play helps a child develop connections between the nerve cells and the brain. While the connections develops the learner’s fine and gross motor skills, socialization skills, personal awareness skills, language skills, creativity skills and problem solving skills are improved. Good play activities bring together play with social interactions and problem solving (Naudé & Meier. 2016).

In children's culture, there are three types of play.

1. Tradition: In traditional games, rules are essential.This is the way the game will always be played,Many classic children's games have rules that must be followed and are rarely disregarded.

2. Open: An improvisational approach known as open play.Although there are rules in open play, they can be altered based on the needs of the children as they play.The structure of the overall setting is vital.

3. Original play: Original play is innovative and centered on the pursuit of knowledge.

Element of play.

• Play is a mental and emotional state of being.
• Surprising and challenging elements are present in play.
• Play is a combination of a method, an attitude, and a structure.
• Play is a voluntary and unifying activity that is an important aspect of the socialization process.
• Participants rate the aesthetic quality of the game, and the game creates an informal arena for socio-historical commentary.
• Roles in society are reinforced through play.

The term "art integrating" refers to a method of teaching and learning in which subject standards are taught and assessed fairly in and via the arts.Teachers at schools that promote this method use a variety of art forms to assist pupils understand complex concepts and content, including theatre, drama, singing, drawing, sculpture, and more.

According to John F. K defines arts integration as "an approach to teaching in which students construct and demonstrate understanding through an art form. Students engage in a creative process which connects an art form and another subject and meets evolving objectives in both."

 Arts integration is a way of teaching were by the outcomes of not only music are reached, but also the outcomes of other subject are reached at the same time. Learners are being taught of the artistic things, it could be music to understand another subject easily. It also becomes easy for learners to get to understand different subjects when they are integrated with arts because they learn in practical way before they can do the theory and symbols of the subjects.( Brezovnik 2015)

The value of integrating art in foundation phase

The value of arts integration is vital within the foundation phase stream because it’s

imperative part of a well-rounded education. Intensified exposure to the arts goes a long

way to help discover the schools performing, visual and musical arts programs

academics. Schools that had integrated arts in their education offering approach, does

not only had boosted academic achievement but has went on also to promoting self[1]confidence, creativity and school pride. Arts integration education offering it helps to also readdress socio-economic imbalances.

• The arts help children develop creative problem-solving skills, motor skills, language skills, social skills, decision-making skills, risk-taking skills and inventiveness.Plus, art experiences boost critical thinking and use real-word scenarios, which teach students how to observe the world around them.
• Working in the arts aids the development of creative problem-solving abilities.
• Teaching through the arts can help learners understand complex subjects by visualizing them.
• Learner's motor skills, linguistic skills, social skills, decision-making, risk-taking, and originality are all aided by art training.
• Learners in the visual arts are taught about color, layout, perspective, and balance, which are all techniques that are required in academic work presentations (visual and digital).
• By integrating art and other topics, learners who might not otherwise be engaged in class can be reached.
• Arts activities improve critical thinking by helping pupils to be more deliberate and thorough in their observations of the environment.
• Art education helps learners connect with their own culture as well as the rest of the world.
• Children who engage in the arts on a regular basis three hours a day, three days a week for a full year are four times more likely to be recognized for academic success, to participate in a math and science fair, or to win an award for writing an essay or poetry than children who do not.

How music relate to mathematics

Music and mathematics have the most in common in that they both use patterns.In both music and mathematics nunbers, arithmetic, repetitive choruses and portions of songs are utilized to explain and anticipate the unknown.Mathematics is the study of patterns, and you can look at anything in music from a mathematical standpoint, including geometry, number theory, trigonometry, signal processing, and so on.

Music and mathematics have a long history together, dating back thousands of years to the dawn of civilisation.Numbers and patterns assist us in comprehending the structure of music, among other things.Every day, we use numbers and arithmetic to teach music. We can learn a lot about a piece of music by looking at numbers.Music is divided into measures, with each measure having an equal number of beats.These are the same as time divisions in mathematics.Each piece of music has a time signature, which contains rhythmic information such as the number of beats in each measure. A time is similar to a fraction in that it has one number on top and one number on the bottom.Because each note and rest in music has a specific number of beats, they all have numerical links.In order to count the music correctly, learners must comprehend the value of certain fractions and notes. With varying weights and vibrations, different sounds can be created.The length of a vibrating string, such as a violin, guitar, or piano, can control its pitch.The higher the pitch, the shorter the string, and the lower the pitch, the longer the string.

How music relate to language education

ln language education,music help learners by improving vocabulary through nursery rhythms and it will also help learners to know the meaning of different words.

How music relate to life skills

Music is a special form of expression that has the power to influence how people feel, think, and behave.Music allows for personal expression, introspection, and emotional development by bringing intellectual and emotional elements together.It helps children’’s mind and body to work together as they will be singing and dancing at the same time.Music help improves childrens coordination movement since they respond positively to sounds and they get to explore what their bodies can and cannot do.

i am so excited and looking forward to learn more about holistic development.After going through SU1 i learned that the development of a child's intellectual, mental, physical, emotional, and social abilities so that he or she is capable of meeting the demands and obstacles of everyday life is referred to as holistic development.I also learned that the are three learning theories which are Erikson development,cognitive development and vygotsky development.