A lesson plan is the instructor's road map of what learners need to learn and how it will be done effectively in the classroom. Lesson plan provides a teacher with a general general outline of teaching goals, learning objectives and means to accomplish them. A successful lesson plan addresses and integrates three key components which are learning objectives, learning activities  and assessment to check for learner's understanding.

characteristics of a well planned music lesson

1. Teacher's activities: a teacher needs to explain the activity in detail to make sure that learners  understand what is expected on  the activity 
2. Learners activities: learners will follow the instructions from the teacher ,answering questions, work in groups  to solve a problem,play music games and perform dance moves.
3. Assessment:Assessments will be used to check the level of understanding of learners  , we can use informal and formal assessments to evaluate learner's understanding of concepts .

A well planned lesson plan leads the teacher in the right direction in order to reach the lesson outcomes, it makes possible to easily choose effective teaching strategies and learning activities, it helps to manage the amount of content that has to be taught and it allows the teacher to plan alternative procedures beforehand. 

Atrs intergration is an approach to teaching and learning which learners construct and demonstrate understanding of concepts through an art form. Arts intergration promotes teaching and learning strategies which address outcomes in different subjects while encouraging learners to demonstrate their understanding of concepts and skills through art. Arts intergration can be explained as an approach to teaching   which promotes active engagement in teaching and learning activities, experiential learning, authentic learning  activities, collaborative learning , problem solving skills and reflections.

The application of arts intergration principles in foundation phase,we need to engange learners in teaching and learning activities which encourage them to draw on their prior knowledge with the aim of discovering  new concepts ,skills and to demonstrate their understanding in a practical way. Arts intergration has been proven to contribute towards higger motivation levels amond learners and supports academic achievement and socialization among learners. Teachers who apply arts intergration strategies in their lessons have shown  improved results with regards to learner's mathematics performance as well as decreased disciplinary  challenges. 

In conclusion,if learners are encouraged to demonstrate their understanding through arts, we create teaching and learning environments in which individual needs and abilities are met. 

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• In the foundation phase, play Classrooms are common in numerous african cultures and in the general african setting, where we frequently see components of play when individuals participate in music and dance activities. There are games that promote the idea of striking a balance between spontaneous innovation and predetermined rules.Learners place a high importance on playing games, and the artistry with which they perform their games on the playground is worth studying in the classroom.

•   play : is a form of play that is fixed,many children 's games are traditional as they have rules which need to be followed.
• open: open play is a form of improvisation,open play includes rules that may be changed according to the needs of a learner while playing.

Original: original play is mostly an individual game where the individual amuses themselves with objects ,action and sound.

Play has long been a feature of numerous cultures and societies around the world, as evidenced by history. What remains evident is that play is considered important in terms of how children learn, and that play reflects societal values and beliefs. To summarize, play is a way of life that necessitates a specific state of mind, willingness, and open-mindedness.

music education provides opportunities for addressing inclusive goals in education. teaching music helps to encourage learners to engage with all their sense when engaging with music, types of movements and playing games. there are basic elements of music ( timber, tempo ,texture , pitch) they help learners to understand the music concepts better.

how do music concepts relates to life skills, mathematics  and language?

As a teacher, I would use music into mathematics lessons to foster a relationship in which songs are used to educate students how to count forward and backwards, as well as number patterns. In terms of language (Setswana/English), I can use rhymes to teach phonics and vocabulary, and in terms of life skills, I can combine music with visual arts performance so that students can perform body percussion in class.

holistic  development is an approach of learning that emphasis the importance of the physical , emotional and psychological well being of children in early childhood . in this study unit i have learned that music activities have positive impact on holistic development of a foundation phase learners and it is important for learners to experience music activities , develop their musical skills and promote their holistic development.

the benefits of holistic development includes physical, cognitive, social, personal and emotional development. holistic development is important in a child's development because it allows children to develop strong internal values and confidence also their well being is considered during the learning process. according to Erickson's theory of psychosocial development , foundation phase learners are at fourth stage of industry vs inferiority (age 5- 11 ) during that stage children develop a sense of pride in their accomplishments and abilities through social interaction and relationships. As a future foundation phase teacher ,i have to play a significant role in my learner's achievement and development, provide motivation and encouragement for their self esteem and confidence.

piaget's cognitive development emphasis the notion that children learn by interacting with the world and they build new knowledge based on existing skills and prior knowledge . according to children's cognitive development is to acknowledge that children think differently than adults. on piaget's theory of cognitive development , foundation  phase  learners fall between both pre-operational stage and concrete operational stage. Vygotsky emphasis the importance of reciprocal teaching , these type of teaching  strategies rely on an interactive dialogue between the teacher and learners through which learners are empowered to take responsibility of their own learning .

in conclusion , holistic development is important in the child's development  because the purpose of holistic education is to cultivate a developing child's physical, emotional, moral, psychological and spiritual attributes and it is helping the child by providing opportunities that are personalized to a child's skills and well being.